Work
is literally what the word means. How much energy has been used on the object and
is calculated by the multiplying the force (parallel to the movement) with the
distance it occurred over.
\[ \displaystyle \Huge W= Fs\]
W=Fs
Work is done on or by someone or something. If you push a box then the work is done by you because you are losing energy and the work is done on the box as it gains energy.
A small amount of work over a very small time can create large amounts of power. An example of this is Bruce Lee's one inch punch.
Example 1
Arthur applies \( 40N \) of force to a box that he is moving. He needs to
move the box at least \(5m \). What is the minimum amount of work he will need to do
on the box to move it at least \(5m\).
Solution:
\[ \displaystyle \Large F=40N, s=5m\]
Therefore,
\[ \displaystyle \Large W=Fs\]
\[ \displaystyle \Large W=(40)(5)\]
\[ \displaystyle \Large W=200J\]
Arthur will need to do \(200J\) of work on the box to it at least \(5m\).
A force of 100 Newtons is applied horizontally to push a crate across a frictionless surface. If the crate is displaced by 15 meters, calculate the work done by the applied force.
Solution:
\[ \displaystyle \Large W = Fs\]
\(F = 100N\), \(s = 15m\)
Therefore,
\[ \displaystyle \Large W = (100)(15)\]
\[ \displaystyle \Large W = 1500J\]
Example 2
A person pushes a sled with a force of 60 Newtons at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal. If the sled is displaced horizontally by 8 meters, calculate the work done.
Solution:
The force applied is at an angle. Therefore we need to find the horizontal force first.
A weightlifter lifts a \(100 kg\) barbell from the ground to a height of 2 meters in 4 seconds. Calculate the power exerted by the weightlifter during this lifting process.
Solution:
In order to calculate the power we must find the work done by the weightlifter.